Real-time Operating Systems (RTOS)

RTOS

A real-time operating system (RTOS) environment, the command will respond within a specified time. The actual time can be as the system response to small all instantly. A real-time operating system (RTOS) compresses two components, viz. "Real Time" and "operating system". Is the operating system (OS) but call a collection of systems or functions that offer an interface between hardware and application programs. To manage the hardware resources and run applications on your host computer.

A real-time application on an application that both precise results and the additional restrictions on the period is available. RTOS operating system is compatible with real-time applications and supply a logical consequence of the right time is essential. The basic structure is similar to the normal operating system, but also mechanisms to create enabling real-time programs. Must correspond to respond in real time, limited time, or to respond to serious consequences, including failure. Real-time systems are so hard, soft or hard classified.

Basic OS Functions:-

1. Process Management, 
2. Resources Management,
3. Device Management, 
4. I/O Devices subsystems 
5. Network Devices and subsystems management

Some generally used RTOS scheduling algorithms are:-

1. Cooperative scheduling

2. Preemptive scheduling

(I) Rate-monotonic scheduling
(II) Round-robin scheduling
(III) Fixed priority pre-emptive scheduling, an implementation of preemptive time slicing
(IV) Fixed-Priority Scheduling with Deferred Preemption
(V) Fixed-Priority Non-preemptive Scheduling
(VI) Critical section preemptive scheduling
(VII) Static time scheduling

3. Earliest Deadline First approach

4. Stochastic digraphs with multi-threaded graph traversal

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Operating System

An operating system (OS) is a group of programs that handles computer hardware resources, and affords frequent services for application software. The operating system is the most significant kind of system software in a computer system. Devoid of an operating system, a user cannot run an application program resting on their computer, unless the application program is self booting.

Today’s operating systems are inclined to have graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that make use of pointing devices for input. A mouse is an instance of such a pointing appliance, as is a stylus. Frequently used operating systems for IBM-compatible personal computers consist of Microsoft Windows, Linux, and UNIX variations. Intended for Macintosh computers, Mac OS X, Linux, BSD, and several Windows variants are usually used.

Types of Operating Systems:-

• Real-time Operating System
• Multi-user Operating Systems
• Single-user Operating Systems
• Multi-tasking Operating Systems
• Single-tasking Operating Systems
• Distributed Operating System
• Embedded System